Solar-Powered Electrochemical Processes for Sustainable Wastewater Treatment and Green Hydrogen Production: A Review

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🔬研究者:Provides a comprehensive overview of solar-powered electrochemical wastewater treatment and hydrogen production, identifying research gaps and optimization opportunities.

🏢実務担当者:Offers insights into modular, decentralized treatment systems that can reduce grid dependence and operational costs, relevant for industrial and municipal applications.

🏛政策担当者:Highlights the potential for policy support in renewable energy integration and green hydrogen incentives to foster sustainable wastewater infrastructure.

都市や産業の発展に伴い、有機物、全溶解固形物（TDS）、重金属を豊富に含む生活排水や産業排水がますます発生している。この種の排水は水生生態系に悪影響を及ぼし、従来の処理技術に対して技術的・経済的課題をもたらしている。この点において、電気化学と再生可能エネルギー、特に太陽光発電エネルギーとの組み合わせプロセスは、効率的で持続可能な廃水処理技術を開発する有望な手段と思われる。電気凝固法は、犠牲アルミニウム電極を用いて凝固剤をその場で生成する。これはCOD、TDS、濁度の低減に役立つ。一方、DSAホウ素ドープダイヤモンド電極を用いた電気酸化法は、難分解性有機汚染物質を酸化することによって廃棄物を処理する。さらに、エネルギー自立型廃水処理施設の設計、電力網への依存の最小化、炭素排出量の削減など、そのような技術の実用性と有用性の利点を特定する。さらに、これらのシステムは、汚染物質除去とエネルギー回収に加えて、運用上の回復力と環境持続可能性を提供する可能性を有する。これらの有望な結果にもかかわらず、排水の変動性、システムの複雑さ、高い設備投資など、いくつかの技術的・経済的限界が依然として存在する。これらの限界は本章で検討され、プロセス最適化、水素生成の増加、モジュール式リアクター設計、分散型処理システムの導入など、継続的な研究の機会が概説される。要するに、太陽光発電と電気化学プロセスの相乗効果は、持続可能で、エネルギー不足に対応し、環境に優しい廃水処理システムを実現するための戦略的経路である。

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The development of cities as well as industries starts generating more and more domestic and industrial effluents which are rich in organic matter, total dissolved solids (TDS) and heavy metals. Effluents of such kinds effect aquatic ecosystems adversely and present both technical and economic challenges to conventional treatment technologies. In this respect combination processes of electrochemistry with renewable energies, and more particularly photovoltaic solar energy, seems a promising means of developing efficient and sustainable wastewater treatment technologies. Electrocoagulation uses sacrificial aluminum electrodes to generate coagulants in situ. This helps in reducing COD, TDS, and turbidity. On the other hand, electrooxidation using DSA boron-doped diamond electrodes treats the waste by oxidizing resistant organic pollutants. Furthermore, it identifies the usability and utility benefits of such technologies, such as for designing energy-autonomous wastewater treatment facilities, minimizing dependence on the electrical grid, and reducing carbon prints. Furthermore, the systems have the potential to provide operational resilience and environmental sustainability as an added advantage of pollutant removal and energy recovery. In spite of these encouraging results, a number of technical and economic limitations still exist, including effluent variability, complexity of systems, and high capital investment. These limitations are reviewed in this chapter and opportunities for continued research are outlined, such as process optimization, increased hydrogen production, modular reactor design, and deployment of decentralized treatment systems. In brief, synergy between solar power and electrochemical processes is a strategic path towards having sustainable, energy-scarce, and environmentally friendly wastewater treatment systems.

• semanticscholar https://www.bio-conferences.org/articles/bioconf/pdf/2026/08/bioconf_rena25_04009.pdffirst seen 2026-05-15 19:24:18 · last seen 2026-08-04 05:21:49