GX & Decarbonization Research

Tao Wang, Yucong Yan, Chen Chen +1

This study uses data from China's 12369 environmental complaint platform to examine whether public environmental supervision reduces corporate greenwashing. It finds a significant inhibitory effect, reinforced by formal government regulatio…

Maria J. Nieto, C. Papathanassiou

This paper examines the EU corporate sustainability disclosure framework, including the Taxonomy, as a tool to combat greenwashing, with a focus on banks. It argues that credible implementation with penalties is crucial for effectiveness an…

Jing Yang, Yalin Jiang, Wei Cai +2

This paper analyzes how foreign institutional investors influence corporate greenwashing in China. It provides empirical evidence on the role of investor monitoring and pressure on the credibility of environmental disclosures.

Jilong Chen, Yikai Han, Yating Li +2

This paper uses Chinese A-share listed firm data from 2009-2022 to show that higher climate risk significantly increases corporate greenwashing. Mechanisms include higher cost of equity capital, weakened supply chain stability, intensified …

Xiaohong Wang, Jiyang Zhao, Huajun Liu

Using a difference-in-differences approach with 7,395 observations from Chinese listed firms (2015-2023), this study finds that a finance and accounting supervision pilot policy significantly reduces corporate greenwashing. The effect opera…

Fukai Wang, Wei Zhou, Zhen Zhang

This study maps the intellectual structure and contextual heterogeneity of corporate greenwashing research via bibliometric analysis of 818 publications (2000-2025). It reveals a shift from ethical/reputational debates to empirical investig…

Chinonso Victor Anidiobi

This policy brief analyzes five years of sustainability reports from three major Nigerian banks, revealing a gap between ESG rhetoric and quantitative, verifiable data. Using a novel ESG Salience Index, it identifies an 'Invisibility Proble…

Haozhe Song, Gunnar Rimmel

This paper uses international data to examine how lenders perceive heterogeneity in voluntary assurance of sustainability reports. Assurance reduces debt costs only for firms with above-average sustainability performance, penalizing greenwa…

Bernard Wilson, Godiya Mallum Shallangwa, Samson Lamela Mela

This study develops an AI framework to detect greenwashing in UK ESG and green finance projects, using NLP (BERT, ClimateBERT) and machine learning (XGBoost, Random Forest) on 487 firms' sustainability reports (2018-2024). It achieves 86.34…

Umberto Nizza

This paper investigates the opacity and vagueness of environmental claims in non-financial disclosures of major European banks. Using NLP, it identifies widespread use of unverifiable ESG statements that may violate EU law, particularly und…

Prosper Mutswiri, Limkile Mpofu, Zamokuhle Mbandlwa

This integrative review examines ESG deficiencies and greenwashing in Sub-Saharan African corporations. It finds that regulatory gaps, voluntary compliance, and self-reporting enable greenwashing, and calls for stronger ESG legislation, ind…

Yucheng Li

This paper examines ESG greenwashing and the 'black box' phenomenon in financial reporting and investment decisions. Through case studies of BP and H&M, it reveals significant discrepancies between ESG ratings and actual corporate disclosur…

Zuhairah Abdul Hadi, Wan Sallha Yusoff, Juraini Zainol Abidin

This systematic literature review examines greenwashing, greenhushing, and greenwishing in corporate sustainability reporting. Using PRISMA, it analyzes 24 studies and identifies three clusters: governance/institutions, markets/stakeholders…

M. Pinarci

This paper proposes a causal inference framework combining BERT and Double Machine Learning to detect greenwashing in corporate sustainability reports. Using synthetic panel data, it identifies approximately 6.5% of high-disclosing firms as…

L. Judijanto

This literature review synthesizes research on green branding vs. greenwashing in developed economies, using signaling, legitimacy, stakeholder, and institutional theories. It finds greenwashing has evolved into dynamic stakeholder manageme…

Aobo Yue, Kei Un Wong, Zongyu Song +1

This study uses China's Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan as a quasi-natural experiment to examine whether stringent environmental regulation reduces corporate greenwashing. Using a multi-period difference-in-differences mode…

Frédéric Leroy, Ty Beal, Frank R. Dunshea +9

This paper critically examines the disproportionate focus on dietary greenhouse gas emissions in Western sustainable meat production discourse, arguing that this 'carbon tunnel vision' may neglect other important environmental and sustainab…

Jazman Jakeem, Amrie Firmansyah

This study examines the influence of ESG performance and intellectual capital on earnings management, with board meeting frequency as a moderator, using a sample of 31 Indonesian healthcare firms (109 observations, 2020-2024). Findings show…

Javier Cifuentes-Faura

This critical review examines the green economy and greenwashing, highlighting how conceptual ambiguity and weak regulatory frameworks enable symbolic sustainability practices. It identifies research gaps in standardization, longitudinal ev…

Kartika Noviana Purwiyono, Wiwik Supratiwi

Using panel data from 109 Indonesian manufacturing firms (2017–2023), this study finds that stronger financial performance (ROA) reduces greenwashing (the gap between ESG disclosure and performance). However, high institutional ownership we…