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Energy Mix Optimization for Yard Trucks in Container Ports Under Low-Carbon Constraints

低炭素制約下におけるコンテナ港湾のヤードトラックのエネルギーミックス最適化 (AI 翻訳)

Linlin Zhang, Junhao Lai, Ke Hu, Zhang Ye, Qinmei Zhu, Pengjun Zheng, G. R. Liu

Sustainability📚 査読済 / ジャーナル2026-08-13#エネルギー転換Origin: CN経営インパクト: コスト削減対象セクター: transport
DOI: 10.3390/su18168304
原典: https://doi.org/10.3390/su18168304

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

本研究は、コンテナ港湾のヤードトラック（YT）を対象に、低炭素制約下で総コストを最小化するエネルギーミックス代替経路を特定する混合整数計画モデルを開発した。炭素排出コストを輸送・アイドリング別に分離し、電動YTの実効サービス能力の低下を係数で考慮する。15年間の計画期間で単位処理量あたりの炭素強度を46%削減し、ディーゼル→LNG→電動→水素燃料電池への段階的移行経路を示した。

English

This study develops a mixed-integer programming model to optimize the energy mix for yard trucks in container ports under low-carbon constraints, minimizing total cost while separating carbon costs by operating state. A case study shows a 46% reduction in carbon intensity per unit throughput over 15 years, with a staged transition from diesel to LNG, electric, and hydrogen fuel cell trucks. Sensitivity tests confirm the robustness of the transition pathway.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

日本の港湾・物流業界はカーボンニュートラルポート（CNP）構想を推進しており、本研究成果はヤードトラックの電動化・水素化の導入計画に直接活用できる。また、SSBJ開示やサプライチェーン排出量削減要求への対応にも示唆を与える。

In the global GX context

This study contributes to global port decarbonization scholarship by providing a quantitative framework for energy transition in port logistics, aligning with IMO and national decarbonization targets. The staged transition pathway offers insights for policymakers and port operators worldwide seeking to balance economic and environmental performance.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:Provides a robust MIP framework for optimizing low-carbon energy transitions in port logistics, with sensitivity analysis.

🏢実務担当者:Offers a practical decision-support tool for port operators to plan yard truck fleet replacement under carbon constraints.

🏛政策担当者:Informs policy design for port decarbonization incentives and infrastructure investment priorities.

📄 Abstract（原文）

With the rapid expansion of global trade, the environmental impacts of port operations have attracted increasing attention. This study develops a mixed-integer programming (MIP) model to identify low-carbon energy mix replacement pathways for yard trucks (YTs), aiming to minimize total cost under low-carbon constraints while accounting for both economic and environmental performance. In the proposed model, the carbon emission cost is separated into transport and idling components to reflect differences in emissions across vehicle operating states. An electric YT (ET) replacement discount coefficient is introduced to quantify the reduction in the effective service capacity of ETs under port operating conditions. The practical significance of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through a case study. The results show that the optimized scheme reduces carbon intensity per unit throughput by 46% over the 15-year planning period, with an average annual decline of 4%. The results also reveal a staged transition pathway: diesel YTs (DTs) are gradually phased out, liquefied natural gas YTs (LNGTs) serve as an interim option, ETs are rapidly deployed and assume a dominant role, and hydrogen fuel cell YTs (HFCTs) increase steadily in the later stages. This study also includes various sensitivity tests, which illustrate that although the magnitude of total cost may vary across different scenarios, the overarching direction of transition remains robust. These findings can inform the formulation of energy mix optimization strategies for YTs.

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