Integrated Monitoring of CO2 Conformation in Subsurface Reservoirs Using Reservoir Modelling, Seismic Imaging, and Spot Detection Techniques

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🔬研究者:Provides a multi-scale monitoring framework that integrates modeling, seismic, and spot data for CO2 conformance, offering a benchmark for future research.

🏢実務担当者:Offers a practical monitoring solution for CCUS operators to ensure regulatory compliance and environmental safety.

🏛政策担当者:Highlights the importance of robust monitoring for CCUS project approval and oversight, informing policy on carbon storage.

Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) is a critical technology in global efforts to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Ensuring the long-term containment and conformance of injected CO2 within designated geological formations is essential for environmental safety and regulatory compliance. This solution focuses on a comprehensive, multi-scale monitoring framework designed to assess CO2 behaviour within subsurface reservoirs. The objective is to validate CO2 conformance by leveraging reservoir boundary definitions, continuous plume tracking, and localized detection of CO2 presence or absence. The proposed solution integrates three core methodologies: Reservoir Modelling: Geological and petrophysical characterization is performed using industry-standard reservoir simulation tools. These models establish the static and dynamic framework of the storage site, including reservoir boundaries, cap rock integrity, and potential migration pathways. They also predict CO2 plume evolution over time under various injection scenarios. Seismic Monitoring: Time-lapse (4D) seismic surveys are deployed periodically to track the spatial and volumetric expansion of the CO2 plume. This method offers high-resolution imaging of subsurface changes and allows for comparison against modelled plume behaviour. Spot Monitoring: High-sensitivity, localized sensors such as downhole pressure/temperature gauges, gas sampling, and surface-based detectors are used to confirm the presence or absence of CO2 at specific control points. This real-time data provides critical input for early anomaly detection and supports recalibration of the reservoir model if needed. The integrated framework has proven effective in providing a holistic view of CO2 conformance. The reservoir model offers predictive insights, while seismic data captures plume growth and migration trends with high spatial fidelity. Spot monitoring reinforces the model-seismic alignment by offering ground-truth verification at strategic points. In pilot implementations, the approach has successfully demonstrated that the CO2 plume remains within defined reservoir boundaries, with no indications of leakage or unexpected migration. The uniqueness of this solution lies in its multi-layered, adaptive monitoring design. By combining macro-scale plume imaging, predictive simulation, and micro-scale spot validation, the system provides robust, real-time assurance of CO2 containment. This hybrid approach enhances early detection capabilities, improves model reliability, and ensures regulatory and environmental compliance. The methodology sets a new benchmark for scalable, intelligent CO2 monitoring systems in CCUS projects worldwide.

• semanticscholar https://doi.org/10.2118/233028-msfirst seen 2026-08-09 05:59:37