The efficiency of grapevine genotypes in reducing the carbon footprint, assessed through their capacity to assimilate atmospheric carbon dioxide.

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🔬研究者:This paper provides comparative physiological data for grapevine genotypes that could inform carbon sequestration research in perennial crops.

🏢実務担当者:Vineyards may consider these genotypes to improve carbon footprint and climate resilience, but direct business application is limited.

大気中の二酸化炭素（CO₂）濃度の漸進的な増加は、地球規模の気候均衡の不安定化に寄与し、栽培植物種の生理的および適応的プロセスに複雑な影響を及ぼしている。ブドウ（Vitis vinifera L.）は、その重要な生態学的および経済的役割、ならびに熱的および水文的変動に対する感受性により、生物学的CO₂隔離能を評価するためのモデル種として際立っている。大気中の二酸化炭素取り込み能を評価するため、光合成の光飽和曲線法をPTM-48Aファイトモニターを用いて採用した。研究には、種内起源のブドウ遺伝子型（Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sativa D.C.およびssp. sylvestris Gmel.）、Vitis labrusca L.、ならびにVitis vinifera L. ssp. sativa D.C. × Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx.の交雑により得られた根生種間遺伝子型が含まれた。実験は制御条件下で実施され、分析した各遺伝子型について、光合成パラメータの連続モニタリングが最低72時間の期間にわたり行われた。この期間は、CO₂取り込み係数を決定するための再現可能かつ関連性のあるデータを得るために必要であった。生理的パラメータの結果に基づき、ブドウ遺伝子型Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris Gmel.は中程度の温度下で良好な効率を示すが、熱ストレスに感受性であると結論づけられる。Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sativa D.C.群に属する栽培遺伝子型、例えばFeteasca AlbăおよびFeteasca Neagrăは、生産性と熱耐性の間のトレードオフを示し、圃場条件に良く適応している。Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sativa D.C. × Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx.などの種間遺伝子型、例えばAlexandrina、Ametist、およびAugustinaは、高い光合成速度、制御された蒸散、および良好な水利用効率（WUE）を組み合わせ、最良の生理的パフォーマンスを示す。これらのうち、種間遺伝子型Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sativa D.C. × Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx. ‘Ametist’は、高温および水ストレス条件下での栽培に最も有望な遺伝子型として際立っている。

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The progressive increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere contributes to the destabilization of global climatic equilibria, exerting complex influences on the physiological and adaptive processes of cultivated plant species. Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) stands out as a model species for assessing the capacity for biological CO₂ sequestration, due to its significant ecological and economic role, as well as its sensitivity to thermal and hydric variations. To evaluate the capacity for atmospheric carbon dioxide uptake, the light saturation curve method for photosynthesis was employed, using the PTM-48A phytomonitor. The study included grapevine genotypes of intraspecific origin (Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sativa D.C. and ssp. sylvestris Gmel.), Vitis labrusca L., as well as rhizogenic interspecific genotypes obtained through hybridization of Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sativa D.C. × Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx. The experiments were conducted under controlled conditions, and for each analyzed genotype, continuous monitoring of photosynthetic parameters was carried out for a minimum period of 72 hours. This duration was necessary to obtain reproducible and relevant data for determining the CO₂ uptake coefficient. Based on the results of the physiological parameters, it can be concluded that the grapevine genotype Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris Gmel. exhibits good efficiency under moderate temperatures but is sensitive to thermal stress. Cultivated genotypes belonging to the group Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sativa D.C., such as Feteasca Albă and Feteasca Neagră, show a trade-off between productivity and thermal tolerance, being well adapted to field conditions. Interspecific genotypes Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sativa D.C. × Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx., such as Alexandrina, Ametist, and Augustina, demonstrate the best physiological performance, combining high photosynthetic rates, controlled transpiration, and favorable water use efficiency (WUE). Among these, the interspecific genotype Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sativa D.C. × Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx. ‘Ametist’ stands out as the most promising genotype for cultivation under conditions of elevated temperature and water stress.

• openalex https://doi.org/10.59463/qanhkn41first seen 2026-06-29 05:34:32 · last seen 2026-06-29 05:34:34