エネルギー使用と消費ベース生態足跡の持続可能性評価：44カ国パネルによる異質な共通因子エビデンス

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

🔬研究者:消費ベース指標とエネルギー変数の計量識別における仕様感度と共通因子推定量の限界を示す実証例。

🏢実務担当者:消費ベース会計の概念はScope 3配分の議論に示唆を与えるが、直接的な開示実務ツールは提供しない。

🏛政策担当者:普遍的なエネルギー削減目標設定の危うさを示し、国別異質性を考慮した政策設計の必要性を裏付ける。

Sustainability assessment increasingly requires consumption-based indicators that attribute environmental pressures to final demand rather than only to the place of production; however, the total ecological footprint also includes carbon uptake land, creating potential accounting overlap with energy use. This study estimates conditional associations between the consumption-based ecological footprint per capita, income, aggregate energy use per capita, trade openness, and broad institutional quality in a balanced 44-country panel from 2003 to 2022. A parsimonious static Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (CCEMG) model is the reference levels specification, complemented by first-difference CCEMG, Augmented Mean Group, two-way fixed effects with Driscoll–Kraay inference, and Dynamic Common Correlated Effects (CCE). The static basic energy coefficient is 0.2673 (standard error [SE] = 0.0923, p = 0.0059), while the regulatory-quality extension gives 0.2988 (SE = 0.1175, p = 0.0146). The basic first-difference estimate is 0.2269 (p = 0.0145), whereas the fully augmented Dynamic CCE estimate is 0.1470 (p = 0.3520). New finite-T diagnostics show that all country designs are full rank, but the median standardized condition number rises from 75.15 in the basic static model to 214.42 in the fully augmented dynamic model as residual degrees of freedom fall from 12 to 6. Excluding the least-precise quartile of country slopes does not weaken the positive static mean, and leave-one-year-out estimates remain positive in every omission. Replacing regulatory quality with Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) rule of law yields an energy coefficient of 0.3294 (p = 0.0075). Exploratory Spearman tests do not link national energy coefficients to the available country-average structural covariates. Westerlund evidence remains mixed, formal U-shape tests do not support an Environmental Kuznets Curve, and national coefficients are widely dispersed. The evidence is therefore sign-consistent but statistically specification-sensitive and does not identify a causal, non-carbon, or universal policy elasticity. For sustainability research, these results show that energy-related ecological pressure should be assessed through consumption-based accounting and country-specific heterogeneity rather than translated into a universal energy-reduction target.

• openalex https://doi.org/10.3390/su18189554first seen 2026-10-09 04:43:26